Friday 25 March 2016

GRAHANI W.S.R. PART DEVELOPING FROM MIDGUT

S.N.
vk;osZqnksDr
Section
Organs  develope
1.
vkek”k;
Foregut
Pharynx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, proximal half of duodenum, liver and pancreas, biliary apparatus
2.
Xkzg.kh
Midgut
Small intestine, distal half of duodenum, cecum and vermiform appendix, ascending colon, Right 2/3 part of the transverse colon
3.
iDok”k;
Hindgut
Left 1/3part of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, superior part of anal canal upto pectinate line.


पक्वामाशय मध्यस्था ग्रह.kh lk प्रकीर्तिता ।

In our ayurveda location of grahani is between aamashaya and  pkwashaya. So in ayurveda mahashrotas (G.I.T.) IS divided in mainly 3 parts i.e.- aamasaya,grahani (pachyamanashaya),pkwashaya. Also in modern literature  there are three parts of gut foregut,mid gut,hinf gut,from which all G.I.T. organs develop (oesopjagus,stomach,duodenum, small intestine ,large intestine develope). Generally we correlate grahani with only duodenum but it is not true ,because  grahani is a broad term .if correlate with modern science it extend from opening of pancreatic duct to the junction of  right 2/3 and left 1/3 of transeverse colon.
Acharaya shushrut said that

‘k’Bh fiRr/kjkuke~~ ;k prqfoZ/keUuikuek”k;kr~~ izP;qra iDok”k;ksifLFkra /kkj;fr AA
vkf”kra [kkfnra ihra yh<a dks’Bxra u``.kke~~A
rTth;Zfr ;Fkkdkya “kksf’kra fiRrrstlkAA ¼lq- l- 4@18½
vXU;f/k’BkueUUkL; xzg.kkn~~ xzg.kh erk A ukHks#i;ZfXucysukiCk``afgrkAA
viDoa /kkj;R;Uua iDoa l`tfr ikJZr%A nqcZykfXucyk nq’Vk Rokeso foeq¥~~pfr AA ¼p-fp- 15½

 so the part of GIT where the food from stomach are entering the second part of duodenum and mix with the  pancreatic juice (containing digestive enzyme)  to where last absoption of food take place should know as grahani. Because

‘k’Bh fiRr/kjkuke~~ ;k prqfoZ/keUuikuek”k;kr~~ izP;qra iDok”k;ksifLFkra /kkj;fr AA
vkf”kra [kkfnra ihra yh<a dks’Bxra u``.kke~~A
rTth;Zfr ;Fkkdkya “kksf’kra fiRrrstlkAA ¼lq- l- 4@18½

after  right 2/3 part of transverse colon there is no digestion or absorption of food take place so after that part rest of colon and rectum and anal canal up to pectinate line should be called as pkwashaya.

i´~~peh iqjh’k/kjkuka eyefoHktrs iDok”;LFkk AA

so above description it is clear that the grahani is  broad term containing the part develop by mid gut.because the grahani is part of GIT where food digestion,and absorption take place.

Tuesday 22 March 2016

Punarnava-amrita-gugulu

PUNARNAVA-AMRITA-GUGGULU

ve`rk;k”p f}izLFka izLFkesd”p!
izR;sda f=QykizLFka o’kkZHkwizLFkeso p !!
loZesrPp la{kq| DokFk;sUUkYo.ks·EHkfl!
iqu% ipsr~ ikn”ks’ka ;kor~ lkUnzRoekxre~!!
nUrhfp=dewykuka d.kkfoJoQyf=de~!
xqMqphRofXoMaxkukaizR;sdk)ZiyksfUere~!!
f=o`rkd’kZesdUrq loZesd= pw.kZ;sr~!
fl)s pks’.ks f{kisr~ r=  ve`rkxqXxqyks% ije~!!
;Fkk ofg~ucya [kknsnEyfiRrh fo”ks’kr%!
okrjDra rFkk dq’Ba xqntkU;fXulknue~!!
nq’Voz.kaizesgka”p lkeokra HkxUnje~!
ukM~;okra J~o;Fkwu~ gU;kr~ lokZe;ku;e~!! ¼pØnŸk& okrjDRkkf/kdkj 23/61-66 ½

Sr. No.
Name of drug
Botanical name
Family
Part Used
1.
Guduchi
Tinospora cardifolia                 Menispermaceae    Kand(stem)
2.
Guggulu
Commiphora mukul 
Burseraceae
Niryas
3.
Punarnava
Boerhavia diffusa Linn.
Nyctaginaceae
Panchang
4.
Danti
Baliospermum montanum muell.
Euphorbiaceae
Mula (root)
5.
Chitrakmul
Plumbago zeylicum
Plumbaginaceae
Mula twak  (root bark )
6.
Pippali
Piper longum  Linn.
Piperaceae
Phala (Fruit)
7.
Shunthi
Zinziber officinalis
Zinziberaceae
Kand (Rhizome)
8.
Haritki
Terminalia Chebula                  Combretaceae      Phal (Fruit)      
9.
Vibhitaki
Terminalia Bellinicum
Combretaceae
Phala (Fruit)
10.
Aamliki
Emblica officinalis
Euphorbiaceae
Phal (Fruit)
11.
Guduchi
Tinospora cordiflia 
Zingiberaceae
Kand (Rhizome)
12.
Dalchini
Cinnamomnm zeylanicam        Lauraceae             Twak(bark)
13.
Vayvidanga
Emblica Ribes                           Myrsinaceae          Phal(Fruit)
14.
Nishoth
Operculanam terpenthum
Convolvulaceae
Mula-twak (Root Bark)
Dose - 5-10 gm 

Anupan- Ushna jala

Uses in diseases- vatrakta(Gout),kustha(Skin diseases),gud roga(Anal disorders),agnimandya,dusta prameha,saamvat,bhagandar(fistula-in-ano),naadi vrana ,sotha(Inflammation).

AN INTRODUCTION OF THE PANCHKARMA

                                iapdeZ ,d ifjp;      

 leLr fpfdRlk i)fr;ksa esa lcls izkphu ,oa egRoiw.kZ fpfdRlk i)fr vk;qosZn fpfdRlk gS D;ksafd bl fpfdRlk esa jksxksa ds lewg dk uk'k djds ,oa iqu% jksxksRifÙk u gksus nsuk rFkk 'kjhj esa O;kf/k {keRo c<+kus ds fy;s jlk;u fpfdRlk dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA 
       nks"kk% dnkfpRdqI;fUr ftrk ya?ku ikpuS%A
       furk% la'kks/kuS;Zsrq u rs"kka iqu:n~Hko%AA     ¼p-l- 16@20½

iapdeZ ds mn~ns'; %& fpfdRlk i)fr ds izeq[k 3 rRo gS tSls fd vkpk;Z pjd us crk;k gS               la'kks/ku% la'keu% funkuL; p otZue~A
             ,rkon~ fHk"ktkdk;Za jksxs&jksxs ;Fkkfof/kAA ¼p-fp-8½
vFkkZr~ la'kks/ku la'keu ,oa funku dk ifjotZu ¼dkj.k dks nwj djuk½ ;gh rhu dEkZ gSaA
fpfdRlk dks 'kks/ku ,oa la'keu bu 2 Hkkxksa esa foHkDr fd;k x;k gS ;Fkk ^^la'kks/ku la'keua**A 'kks/ku fpfdRlk iapdeZ ls dh tkrh gSA 
     'kjhjtk.kke nks"kk.kka Øes.k ijekS"k/ke~A
     ofLrfoZjsdks oeua rFkk rSya ?k`ra e/kqAA ¼v-â-lw-vk-1@25½
 dqfir dQ dks oeu ds }kjk dqfir fiÙk dks fojspu ds }kjk ,oa izdqfir ok;q dks ofLr ds }kjk fugZj.k djuk Js"B fpfdRlk gSA 

iapdeZ izfØ;k %&
Lusgexzs iz;qŒthr rr% LosneuUrje~ LusgLosnksiiUuL; la'kks/kueFksrjrAA
¼p-lw-13@99½
vFkkZr~ iapdeZ eaass loZizFke Lusg dk iz;skx djuk pkfg;s blds i'pkr~ Losnu izfØ;k dk rr~ i'pkr~ gh Lusg ,oa Losn;qDr iq:"k dks oeu ;k fojspu esa ls la'kks/ku djk;sA
vr% iapdeZ ds izdkjks esa 3 deksZ dk lekos'k fd;k x;k gS &
¼1½ iwoZdeZ
¼2½ iz/kku deZ
¼3½ i'pkr deZ

iapdeZ ds izdkj %& 
iwoZdeZ %&
1-   rkU;qifLFknks"kk.kkaa LusgLosnksiiknuS%A
iapdekZf.k dqohZr ek=k dkykS fopkj;kuAA        ¼p-lw-½
2-   'kqdk.;fi fg dk"Bkfu LusgLosnkiiknuSA
ue;fUr ;Fkk U;k; fd iquZthorks ujkuAA        ¼p-lw-v- 14@5½

1- ikpu deZ %& ikpu dk Hkh viuk fo'ks"k egRo gS D;ksafd vkH;kUrj Lusg iku ds iwoZ pjd us &        
^^dsoya fu:iLrEHkeknkS LusgS:ikpjsr~**
loZizFke vkeikpu djus ds fy, nhiu&ikpu ,ao vfXuiznhid vkS"kf/k;kW 3&4 fnu rd djkus ds i'pkr~ gh Lusgiku djkuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd vke ds gksus ij Lusgiku djkus ls O;kin gksus dh vk'kadk jgrh gSA
2- Lusgu deZ %&
Lusgua Lusg fo";Unue eknZoa Dysn dkjde~A ¼p-lw- 22@11½
tks 'kjhj esa fLuX/krk e`nqrk nzork rFkk fifPNrk mRiUu djsS mls Lusgu dgk tkrk gSA iapdeZ fpfdRlk dk Lusgu ,d izeq[k deZ gSA oeu fojspu ds iwoZ Lusgu vo'; djuk pkfg;sA Lusgu djk;s fcuk oeu&fojspu djus ls jksxh esa vusd minzo gks ldrs gSA 
Lusgu dh iz/kkudeZ dh n`f"V ls dkeZqDrk %&
¼1½ LusgkS·fuya gfUr e`nqdjksfr nsga eykuka fofugfUr laxe~AA  ¼p-fl- 1@7½
¼2½ nhIrkfXu ifj'kq) dks"B% izR;xz /kkrq% cyo.kZ ;qDr%A
    n`<sfUnz;ksa eantj% 'krk;q% Lusgksilsoh iq:"kks HkosÙkqA
    Lusgks fgrks nqcZyofànsglU/kq{k.ks O;kf/kfuihfMrL;A
    cykfUorkS Hkkstunks"ktkrS% izefnZrqa rkS lglk u lk/;kSAA ¼lq-fp- 31&56]57½
Lusg &
¼1½ okr dk leu djrk gSA nsg dks e`nq djrk gSA eyks dks ckgj fudkyrk gSA
      ¼2½ vfXu dks nhIr djrk gS dks"B dks 'kq) djrk gS /kkrq] cy] o.kZ ls iq:"k dks ;qDr djrk gS bfUnz;ks dks n`<+ cukrk gSA o`)koLFkk dks nsj ls ykrk gSA bl izdkj Lusg dk lsou djus okyk iq:"k 'krk;q gksrk gSA Lusg dk mi;ksx nqcZy ds fy;s fgrdkjh O;kf/k gj.k djus okyk cy iznku djus okyk vkgkjnks"k ls gksus okys nks"kksa dks uk'k djus okyk gksrk gSA

Losnu deZ %& 
^^LrEHk xkSjoa 'khr?ua Losnu Losndkjde~**        ¼p-lw-22@11½
ftl izfØ;k ls 'kjhj ls Losn fudkyrk gSaA mls Losnu deZ dgrs gSA
 Losnu deZ fpfdRlk ds iwoZ deZ ,oa iz/kku  bu nksuks deZ ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA
 Losn ds dk;Z %& LosnLrq nks"ka u;fr nzoRoe~A ¼p-fl-1@7½
1-   LusgiwoZ iz;qDrsu Losnsukoftrs·fuysA
iqjh"k ew= jsrkafl uk lTtafr dFkapuAA     ¼p-lw- 14@4½
2-   okrL;ksidze% Lusg% Losn% la'kks/kua e`nq%A     ¼v-â-lw-13@1½
3-   'kq"dk.;fifg d"Bkfu LusgaLosnksiiknuS%A
ue;afr ;FkkU;k;a fd iwuthZforks ujku~AA   ¼p-lw-14@5½
4-   vXusnhZfIr eknZoa Rod~ izlknaA
HkDrJ)ka L=ksrlka fueZyRoaA
dq;kZRLosnks gafr funzka l ranzkA
la?khau~ LrC/kka'p";snk'kq ;qDr%AA
LusgfDyék ¼dks"Bxk½ /kkrq laLFkk'p nks"kk%A
LoLFkkuLFkk ;s"kq ekxsZ"kq yhukA
lE;d~ LosnS;ksZftrSLrs nzoRoe~A
izkIrk dks"Ba 'kks/kuS;kZRk·'ks"ke~AA ¼lq-fp- 32@21&22½
iz/kkudeZ &
¼1½ oeua jspua uL;a fu:g'pkuqok'kue~A
   ,rkfu iap dekZf.k dfFkrkfu equhojS%AA       ¼'kk-m- 8&70½
¼2½ izFkea oeua i'pkr~ fojsd'pkuqok'kue~A
    ,rkfu iapdekZf.k fu:gks ukoua rFkkAA ¼Hkk-iz-iw-[k.M½











oeu deZ

1-   oeua 'ys"e gjk.kka Js"Be~ ¼p-lw- 25@40½
2-   viDoa fiÙk'ys"ek.ka cyknw/oZ u;sÙkq ;r~A
oeua rf) foKs;a ------------------- ¼'kk-iz-[ka- 1@87½
ftl izfØ;k esa izdqfir nks"k ¼dQ ,oa fiÙk½ fo'ks"kr% o`) dQ vkek'k; ls vkSj 'kjhj ls mYVh izfØ;k }kjk eq[k ls ckgj fudkyk tkrk gSA mls oeu dgrs gS 

oked nzO;ks dh dkeZqDrk %&
     y?kq] m"e] rh{e] lw{e] O;ok;h] fodklh] ,oa vkS"k/kh izHkko ¼p-d-1@5½
   
oeu dk dkeqZdrk %& oked vkS"kf/k;ksa dh dkeqZdrk fuEu izdkj ls n'kkZ;h tkrh gSA
1-    oked vkS"kf/k;kW vius xq.kksa ,oa izHkko ân; dks mÙksftr djrh gSA 
2-    lzksrks esa tkdj lw{e nks"kksa rd igqWprs gSaA
3-    nks"kks dk fofy;u djrs gSaA
4-    lw{e L=ksrks ls nks"kks dks dks"B esa ykdj ckgj fudkyrs gSaA
5-    vfXu ok;q Hkwf;"B gksus ls vke'k; dk Å/oZxfr djkrs gSaA blesa izk.k ,o mnku ok;q dk Hkh ;ksxnku jgrk gS A
fojspu
izo`/k  nks"kks dks v/kksekxZ ls ckgj fudkyus dks fojspu dgk tkrk gSA
fojspua fiÙka gj.kka Js"Be~A           ¼p-lw- 25@40½
fojspu dk dkeZqdRo %&  
cfLr 

cfLruk nh;rs bfr cfLr
izkphu le; esa xk;&cSy] HkSal] cdjs dh cfLr dks lqjf{kr j[kdj mlls ofLr nsrss FksA blfy;s bl fØ;k dk uke cfLr 'kCn iM+kA
                     ^^cfLr okr gjk.kka Js"Ba** 
lHkh izdkj dh okr O;kf/k esa cfLr ,d vR;Ur izHkkoh fpfdRlk gS cfLr fpfdRlk dsoy okr O;kf/k;ksa esa gh ugh cfYd fiÙk dQ lalxZ lkaféikfrd rFkk jDr fod`fr esa Hkh fufZn"V gS A  vkpk;Z pjd us crk;k Hkh gS fd
^^rLekfPpfdRlk/kZfefr dqoZfUr lokZ fpfdRldh; cfLresds**    ¼p-fl-&1½
iapdeksZ esa ,d egRo deZ cfLr deZ dk gS cfLr ds }kjk vusd dk;Z lEikfnr gksrs gSA 
'kY;ra= esa jDrfoLkzko.k ;k f'kjksos/k dk tks egRo gS dk;fpfdRlk esa ogh LFkku cfLr;ksa dk gS 'kY;  ds f'kjksos/k vkfn ds lEcU/k esa vkpk;Z lq- us crk;k gS fd
f'kjkO;/kf'pfdRlk)Z 'kY;rU=s izdhfrZre~A
;Fkk izf.kfgr% lE;d~ cfLr % dk;fpfdRlrsA     ¼lq½
D;ksafd jDr ds fudy tkus ls lEiw.kZ fo"kksa dk fugZj.k gks tkrk gSA fo"k dh fuo`fÙk esa 
ofLr dkeqZdRo %&
ofLr dk mi;ksx eq[;rk 3 iz;kstu ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA
¼1½ 'kks/ku ds :i esa
¼2½ ^^LoLFkL; LokLF; j{k.k p**ds :i esaA
¼3½ fpfdRlk esa 

uL;deZ

^^uklk fg f'kjlksa }kje~~**
uklk dks f'kj dk }kj dgk x;k gSA D;ksafd bl }kj ls izfo"V uL; vkS"kf/k;kW f'kj esa O;kIr gksdj izdqfir  nks"kksa dk uk'k djrh gSA
vkS"k/kekS"k/k fl)ks o Lusgksa ukfldkE;ka nh;fr bfr uL;eA   ¼lq-fp- 40@21½
a vkS"kf/k;ksa ls fl) Lusg ls ukfldk }kjk nh tkus okyh fpfdRlk dks uL; dgrs gSaA

laltZu Øe
la'kks/ku ls 'kq)]ftudh vfXu ean gks xbZ gS] ftuds 'kjhj ls fiRr] dQ] ey] ew= dk fugZj.k gks x;k gksA ,Sls d`'k ,oa 'kqU; vk'k; RkFkk nks"k /kkrq eyksa ls 'kqU;] dk laltZu deZ djuk pkfg,A
vkpk;Z pjd us dgk gS fd
vfXula/kq{kk.kkFkZ rq iwoZ is;kfnuka fHk"kd~A
   jlksUrjs.kkipjsr Øes.k Øedksfon%AA    ¼p-fl--12½
tBjkfXu vfXu dks iznhIr djus ds fy, loZizFke is;kfn dk iz;ksx ,oa rRi'pkr ekaljl dk iz;ksx var es djuk pkfg,A
bl izdkj iapdeZ ds ckn jksxh dks LokHkkfod voLFkk es ykuk gh iapdeZ fpfdRlk dk mn~~ns'; gksuk pkfg,A
 izd`frxr gksus ij s mlds ;s y{k.k gksrs gSA
loZ{keksa fgvlalxksZ jfr;qDr% fLFkjsfUnz;%A
cyoku lRolaiUuksa foKsa;% izd`fr xr%AA ¼p-fl--12@9½
1-            tks lHkh izdkj ds vkgkj fogkj dks djus es leFkZ gks x;k gksA 
2-            ey] ew=kfn dk osx lewfpr :i ls vk jgk gksA
3-            funzk leqfpr :i ls vkrh gks A
4-            bfUnz;ka leqfpr :i ls vius fo"k;ksa dks xzg.k djrh gSA
5-            cyoku gks x;k gksA
6-            ftldk eu lE;d rjhds ls dke dj jgk gksA
vkpk;Z pjd us fuEu izdkj dk laltZu Øe crk;k gSA
         is;ka foysih vd`ra d`ra p ;w"ka jla f=f} vFk ,dSd'pA   ¼p-fl--1½
iz/kku ek/;e voj 'kqf) vuqlkj Øe'k% 3]2]1 vUu dkyksa ls Øe ls gh is;k foysih vd`r & d`r ;wl vd`rd`r ekaljl dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A

iapdeZ fdUgs u djk;s


nks"kolspua rq [kyq vU;}k Hks"kta izkIrdkyeI;krqjL; uSoa fo/kL; dq;kZr~A r|Fkk vuioknizrhdkjL;k/kuL;kifjpkjdL; oS| ekfuu'paML;klw;dL; rhoz/kekZf:ps% vfr{kh.kcyekal'kksf.krL;klk/; jksxksigrL; eqeq"kqZfyaxkfUorL; psfrA ,oafo/ka ákrqjeqipju~ fHk"kx~ ikih;lk·;'klk ;ksxe`PNrhfrAA¼p-fo-3@53½
1-   vuiokn izfrdkjh %&  tks oS| }kjk crk;s x;s fgrdj opuks dk ikyu u djrk gksA
2-   v/ku %& ,sls jksxh ftuds ikl iapdeZ fpfdRlk ds i;kZIr lk/ku ugha gS A D;ksafd iapdeZ fpfdRlk esa i;kZIr le; ,oa /ku dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
3-   ifjpkjdghu 
4-   Lo;a dks oS| le>us okyk 
5-   paM & Øks/kh iq:"kks esa Hkh iapdeZ fpfdRlk u djs
6-   vlw;d %& tks nwljks dh fuank djrs gSa
7-   rhoz/kekZ:fp %& ,sls iq:"k tks v/kehZ gS  mudh fpfdRlk u djsaaA
8-   vfr{kh.k cyekal 'kksf"k.k ;qDr iq:"k 
9-   vlk/; ihfM+r 
10- eqeq"kqZfäxkfUork %& ftldh e`R;q fuf'pr gks] mUgsa iapdeZ djkus ls vi;'k izkIr gksrk gSA

    iapdeZ fpfdRlk esa otZuh; v"Vegknks"kdj fo"k;

vkpk;Z pjd us fl- 12 es v"V egknks"k dj  dgk gS fd
,rka izd`frizkIr% loZotZ;kfu otZ;srA
   egknks"kdjkf.k v"VkSbekfu rq fo'ks"kr%AA ¼p-fl--12@10½
'kks/ku fpfdRlk ds i'pkr tc rd fd izd`frxr iq:"kksa ds y{k.kksa ls jksxh ;qDr u gks tk;s rc rd fo'ks"k :i ls vkB egknks"kdkjh Hkkoksa dk R;kx vfuok;Z :i ls djuk pkfg, &
mPpSHkk";a jFk{kksHkeafrpM-Øe.kklusA
     vth.kkZfgr HkksT; p fnokLoIua leSFkqueAA ¼p-fl--12@11½
1-     mPpSHkk";e%&Åaps Loj es cksyuk
nks"k%& m/oZHkkx ds jksx gksrs gSA
2-     jFk{kkssHkka%& {kksHk mRiUu djus okyh xkMh es cSBukA
nks"k%& 'kjhj ds e/; Hkkx ds jksx gksrs gSA
3-     vfrpØe.k%&vR;kf/kd iSny pyuk
nks"k%& 'kjhj ds e/; Hkkx ds jksx gksrs gSA
4-     vklu%&vf/kd nsj rd cSBukA
nks"k%& 'kjhj ds e/;Hkkx es jksx gksrs gSA
5-     vth.kZHkksT;s %& vth.kZ es Hkkstu A
nks"k%&vket jksxks dh mRifRr A
6-     vfgrHkksT;s%&vfgrdj HkkstuA
nks"k%&okrkfn nks"k izdksitU; O;kf/k;ka A
7-     fnokLoIu%& fnu es 'k;u djuk
nks"k% & dQt jksxA
8-     eSFkque%& eSFkqu djukA
nks"k%&{k;t O;kf/k;ka A

iapdeZd`r jksxh dh j{kk

'kwU;nsga izrhdkjelfg".kqa ifjiky;sr~A
;Fkk.Ma r:.ka] iw.kZ rSyik=a ;FkSo pAA
xksiky bo naMhxk% loZLeknipkjr%AA      ¼p-fl-12@4&5½

1-            ftl izdkj v.Ms dh j{kk i{kh ,rSy ls iw.kZ ik= dh j{kk dh tkrh gSA xksiky ftl rjg ,dkxzeu xkSvksa dh j{kk djrk gSAmlh izdkj 'kks/ku ds iwoZ ,oa 'kks/ku ds i'pkr~ jksxh esa lko/kkuh iwoZd ns[kHkky djsA